simple airplane drawing black and white ww2

The huge increase in manufacturing during World War II brought even more employment opportunities to northern cities as well as to western coastal cities such as Los Angeles and San Francisco. The second phase of the Great Migration took place after a national migration lull during the Great Depression. Perhaps just as important was the drying up of agricultural employment following farm mechanization and the boll weevil’s damage to cotton crops. And although the pull of northern jobs was a major impetus for migration, there were also strong southern “pushes,” including poor working conditions, Jim Crow segregation laws, political disenfranchisement, and racial violence. Together, these events caused desperate employers in cities such as New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, and Detroit to look to southern Black workers to fill their largely unskilled jobs. involvement in World War I) and the slowdown and eventual government restriction of immigration. 3 It took place in two distinct phases: The first, between 19, was triggered by the combination of newly available factory jobs in northern cities (which were further increased by U.S. Much has been written about the Great Migration in both scholarly and popular writings. The movement was of such magnitude that, by 1970, the South retained only a little more than half of the nation’s Black population. In the six decades between 19, an estimated 5 million Black southerners left the region. That changed early in the 20th century with the Great Migration. And although the 13th Amendment gave Black residents new freedom to migrate, Black migration from the South was kept at a modest level due to farm tenancy arrangements, poverty, high levels of illiteracy, and the paucity of opportunities in the North. From the beginning of the nation until the start of the 20th century, at least nine in 10 Black Americans resided in the South, predominantly in rural areas.

Prior to the Great Migration, the South had always been the primary regional home for Black Americans. The historical Black presence in the South and the Great Migration And although these areas are simultaneously in the midst of new immigrant growth and white in-migration, the continuing “New Great Migration” has served to give Black Americans a large-and in many cases, dominant-presence in most parts of America’s South. They have contributed to the growth of the “New South,” especially in Texas, Georgia, and North Carolina, as well as metropolitan regions such as Atlanta, Dallas, and Houston.

The movement is largely driven by younger, college-educated Black Americans, from both northern and western places of origin. The reversal of the Great Migration began as a trickle in the 1970s, increased in the 1990s, and turned into a virtual evacuation from many northern areas in subsequent decades.

Simple airplane drawing black and white ww2